Carpentry Level 4

Piles:
the hand tools we used was measuring tape hazards are sagging or could snap, hammer swinging round, carpenters pencil lead poisoning and combination square rust and cuts, builders level for levelling, builders rule for taking measurements.
the power tools we used for pile was radial arm saw hazards are loose clothing and could cut hand off, dynadrill for drill holes for sole plates could jam, bolt machine too bolt the sole plates too the ground could catch fire, nail gun for the pile could miss and cause injures, air compresser.
safety equipment we used was safety glasses hazards are if you dont use these you could cause yourself to be blind and ear muffs deafness if you dont wear these.

this is a picture of the sole plates and joists and piles..theres also
the temporary piles too keep it stablised and plumb NZS 3604 timber
treatment..

when matt the tutor for our course showed me how too use the radial arm saw safely i forgot too take pictures bit matt asked me what the hazards of the saw was so i told him when hand is too close too the blade it could cut your hand off, and also wearing no ear muffs could cause damage too your hearing, wearing no safety glasses could cause damage too your eye site and flying objects could happen while using the saw in the process, loose clothing could jam the machine or pull you into it causing serious damage too yourself.

the guards were on there was no damage so it was safe, matt showed me the on/off buttons and the main power button too turn off in an emergency when and if needed too.

when using the radial arm saw you must alwaes wear safety glasses and ear muffs or ear plugs at all times before and while operating the machine.

this is a diagram of a radial arm saw off google because i didnt take any pictures at course..

this is a full diagram off a radial arm saw..

another picture of an radial arm saw

radial arm saw

The calculation for the piles are:In and Over calculations running measurements...
7200mm x 90mm= 7110mm
7110 devided by 3=2370
thats the bearers contexs
8 piles @ 2195 centres 300 deep

-Anchor piles and cantilever piles which resist lateral loads with no diagonal bracing.
-Braced piles which are restrained with diagonal braces.
-Ordinary piles which carry gravity loads only.

subfloor bracing method as per NZS 3604, section 5. also explain bracing for subfloor..

What a bearer and stringer are, and their purposes...
-A stringer is a horizontal piece of framming timber fixed to the side of concrete, masonry cladding to support the ends of the joists.
-A bearer can be a solid piece of timber or laminated timber that is attached to the pile to evenly distribute the verticle loads [plus how it is braced to also take horizontal loads: example wind and or earth quakes] must be treated wood [H1.2] by radiata pine/also must be of a set structural grade.

How stringers are attached as per NZS 3604 Section 6
- bent M12mm bolt with a minimum of 100mm into the concrete DPC [damp prove course] between the concrete and timber/bolt centred with a 50 x 50 x 3mm washer [all fittings must be hot dipped galvanised] spacing specified by the NZS 3604 [section 6 table 6.7].

put subfoor on top of the bearers and top sole plates to prvent dampness too subfloor less damage would be caused in the long run..